Original article
Sergey Yu. Kozmenko
Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, fregat22@mail.ru, ORCID 0000-0002-3728-8357
Abstract. Over the past decade, the Chinese economy has grown at a faster pace (up to 8 % per year), which is a consequence of the unprecedented expansion of China in world markets. Such a competitive position presupposes the same significant (up to 15 %) growth in energy consumption, which is ensured by both an increase in domestic production (to a lesser extent) and imports of energy resources — oil, pipeline and liquefied natural gas and coal. In the context of aggravated competition between the leading economies of the world (China and the United States), the security of transporting energy resources from the Persian Gulf and other regions through the narrows of the Strait of Hormuz and Malacca, as well as through the regions of the South China Sea and the Taiwan Strait controlled by the United States, acquires a new sound for China. To solve this problem, China is building up its naval presence in the direction of the Southern Silk Road, but mainly in the waters of the Pacific Ocean seas — the Yellow, East China and South China, that is, in the operational zones of the three fleets of the Chinese Navy — the North, East and South, from the exits to the operational zone of the Russian Pacific Fleet in the waters of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk. Demonstration of strength and flag during joint sailing of the two fleets is carried out within the framework of the exercises of the “Maritime Interaction” format from 2012 to 2021 inclusive, except for 2020 due to the aggravation of the epidemiological situation in connection with COVID-19. The latent goal of these exercises is to practice coastal defense missions in the zone where China’s strategic oil reserve is located. The article shows that the main base of cooperation between China and Russia is not so much import-export operations as joint defensive activities aimed at supporting each other in a difficult modern geopolitical environment.
Keywords: energy resources, sea communications, Silk Road, joint voyage, “Maritime Interaction” exercise
Acknowledgments: the work is a part of the Institute for Economic Studies issue no. 0226-2019-0028 “Interaction of Global, National and Regional Factors in the Economic Development of the North and the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation” within the state assignment of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”.
For citation: Kozmenko S. Yu. The economic situation of the Arctic in the Chinese energy market. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order], 2021, no. 4, pp. 21–28, doi:10.37614/2220-802X.4.2021.74.002